How does an inventor demonstrate that an invention has achieved "actual reduction to practice"?

An inventor demonstrates "actual reduction to practice" by constructing a prototype or performing the method of the invention. This means that the inventor has taken tangible steps to realize the invention in a form that is operable and functional, allowing it to work as intended. Actual reduction to practice is a critical concept in patent law because it provides evidence that the inventor has not only conceived the invention but has also successfully integrated all elements to create a working model or executed the claimed method.

This is distinct from submitting sketches, filing an application, or conducting market analysis, as those actions may indicate that an inventor has a concept or a theoretical framework for their invention, but they do not prove the invention is practically achievable or operable. Ultimately, a prototype or successful performance of the method shows that the invention has been physically tested and is effective, which is essential for patentability and asserting one’s rights to the invention.